Soil Moisture Controller With Remote Display & Log data to IOT Google Sheet, Telegram & ThingSpeak

Soil Moisture Controller Project Report

1. Introduction

This project report details the development of an automated soil moisture controller designed for efficient irrigation management. The system leverages an ESP32 Wi-Fi module for its processing power and wireless connectivity, allowing for remote monitoring and data logging.

2. System Components

• Hardware:

• ESP32 Wi-Fi Module
• 20×4 LCD (x2) – One for the master unit and one for the slave unit
• 5V Power Supply
• Soil Moisture Sensor
• Temperature & Humidity Sensor (DHT22)
• Water Pump
• PCB
• LEDs (x3)

• Software:

• Arduino IDE (or similar platform)

3. System Functionality

• Soil Moisture Control:

• The soil moisture sensor continuously monitors soil moisture levels.
• If the level falls below 30% (adjustable threshold), the ESP32 activates the water pump for irrigation.
• Once the level reaches 85% (adjustable threshold), the pump automatically shuts off, preventing overwatering.

• Environmental Monitoring:

• The DHT22 sensor measures temperature and humidity.
• These values, along with the soil moisture level, are displayed on the master unit’s 20×4 LCD.

• Remote Monitoring:

• The ESP32 transmits sensor data (soil moisture, temperature, and humidity) to a slave unit connected to the same Wi-Fi network.
• The slave unit displays this data on its 20×4 LCD, enabling remote monitoring of plant conditions.

• Data Logging:

• Sensor data is logged with timestamps to three platforms: Google Sheets, ThingSpeak, and a Telegram channel.
• The master unit utilizes LEDs to indicate successful data logging on each platform.

• Configurable Data Transmission:

• The system allows setting the time interval for transmitting data to the chosen IoT platforms within a range of 5 to 60 seconds. This flexibility enables users to balance data transmission frequency with power consumption.

4. System Design

• Hardware Design:

• Include a schematic diagram in the appendix depicting the connections between the ESP32, sensors, LCDs, water pump, and power supply.
• Briefly explain the functionality of each component and its connection to the ESP32.

• Software Design:

• Provide an overview of the program logic in the appendix. Explain how the code:

• Reads sensor data.
• Controls the water pump based on moisture thresholds.
• Displays information on the LCDs.
• Transmits data to the slave unit and cloud platforms.
• Manages data logging with timestamps according to the chosen time interval.

5. Testing and Results

• Describe the testing procedures conducted to ensure the system functions as intended. This may include:

• Verifying accurate soil moisture measurement and corresponding pump control.
• Confirming accurate temperature and humidity readings.
• Testing successful data transmission and display on the slave unit.
• Validating data logging with timestamps on Google Sheets, ThingSpeak, and the Telegram channel.

6. Conclusion

This project successfully developed an automated soil moisture controller offering several benefits:

• Water Conservation: By automatically watering based on soil moisture needs, this system helps conserve water and prevent overwatering.
• Improved Plant Health: Precise irrigation promotes optimal plant growth and health.
• Remote Monitoring: The slave unit and data logging features enable users to monitor plant conditions from any location.

7. Future Improvements

• Mobile App Integration: Develop a mobile app for real-time data visualization and remote control of the irrigation system.
• Sensor Expansion: Integrate additional sensors (e.g., light sensor) for a more comprehensive environmental monitoring solution.
• Power Optimization: Explore techniques like low-power sleep modes to extend battery life for portable applications.

8. Appendix

• Include the project code with clear comments for better understanding.
• Attach a bill of materials (BOM) listing all components and their estimated costs.
• Add any additional resources used during development (e.g., circuit diagrams, sensor datasheets).

This report provides a framework for documenting your soil moisture controller project. Fill in the specific details of your design, testing procedures, and results for a complete report.